山区水库移民女性生活发展状况研究——以X省Y县Z村水库移民为例

在女性群体中有一个特殊的人群--农村水库移民女性.从对移民家庭发展历程中经历的搬迁、建房和土地利用这三个生活场景变迁的描述中可以看出,作为妻子和母亲双重角色的移民女性群体的社会适应过程,及其对抗危机策略中所表现的灵活实用和开放发展的特质.     

加快农业机械化进程 加速贵州现代农业发展

加速发展农业机械化是推进贵州现代农业发展的重点任务,文章针对国际和国内农业机械化发展趋势、贵州省“十一五”农业机械发展现状,提出贵州省“十二五”期间农业机械化发展的目标与重点,供有关部门和领导决策参考。     

论食品安全事故中的赔偿责任人

发生食品安全事故,往往会涉及多个责任人,其责任是不同的。食品生产者承担严格责任并不意味着其他连带责任者也一样承担严格责任。销售者、广告者承担的是过错责任。《食品安全法》关于销售者的责任规定,有宽纵之嫌;而广告者的责任似乎又过于严厉。为求平衡,销售者、广告者的责任均以过错推定责任为宜。消费者向原材料提供者的索赔,也面临法律障碍。《食品安全法》关于销售者十倍赔偿的责任规定,是“纸老虎”,消费者要胜诉十分困难。农民个人作为农产品生产者,其责任监管十分欠缺,是急需研究和完善的一个领域。     

东北地区农业系统资源利用方式及其效益的历史变迁

历史上东北地区水草丰沛,森林茂密,沼泽遍地。生息繁衍于此的东北先民,或渔猎,或游牧,或农耕。明清以来,尤其是清中期实行招垦政策以来,东北地区的荒田、草地、山林、沼泽,均得到了大面积的农业开发,造成农田系统对草地系统、森林系统、沼泽系统不断包抄与逐渐挤压,深刻影响了东北地区的作物布局与耕地制度。受此影响,东北地区种植业系统功能日益强化,而畜牧业系统、林业系统以及渔猎系统功能呈日渐式微趋势,外来移民的大量涌入以及放垦政策的大力推行难辞其咎。     

农业现代化与国家种业安全

农业现代化的基础是种业现代化。位于农业产业链最上游的种业是农业现代化进程中基础性、战略性核心产业,是保证国家粮食安全的根本。我国必须高度重视农业现代化进程中的种业安全,积极应对种业安全面临的挑战。提升种业竞争力,主体是企业,核心是品种,关键是创新。应加强政策引导,健全法规体系,转变发展方式,着力提升种业科技创新能力、企业竞争能力、供种保障能力和市场监管能力。通过体制机制创新加快构建“育繁推一体化”的商业化育种体系,做大做强民族种业。     

我国《农业保险法》的立法构想

我国农业保险的法律规制现状与立法的预期利益凸显了《农业保险法》立法的必要性。《农业保险法》的基本原则为:政府适度干预、合理补贴、强制保险与自愿保险相结合。我国未来的《农业保险法》至少应包括三方面的内容:农业保险合同制度、农业保险经营管理制度和农业保险责任制度。     

Dépendance et luttes politiques au Kenya, 1975–1977: Ia bourgeoisie nationale à l'assaut du pouvoir d'État

Rural West Africans confront a challenging array of circumstances in pursuit of their livelihoods, which are negotiated through repertoires of knowledge, skill, wisdom and information that are held individually, communally or as the prerogative of experts. Of some significance is timing: finding the most effective or propitious moment for action. On the farm, anticipating the beginning and progress of the rains is crucial and sought through the empirical observation of natural phenomena, or as in northwest Nigeria additionally through agricultural star calendars and almanacs by Muslim clerics. Furthermore, some clerics use divination to identify propitious moments for their clients whereby they may achieve success in non-farm jobs and businesses that are an integral part of rural livelihoods. Taking action to achieve particular outcomes on and off the farm raises issues about local people's understanding of the physical world and their place within it, and the power of religion and the supernatural. An appreciation of such matters would appear to be crucial for those from the scientific and technological North who may be attempting to transform African societies.     

DISCUSSION - Agricultural Policy Reform and Rural Livelihoods in Central Mexico

This contribution examines the impact of profound changes to agricultural policy implemented since 1988 on the livelihoods of Mexico's rural population. Detailed studies in four villages show that rural incomes are very unevenly distributed within communities leaving half of households in poverty. During the last decade key factors affecting village economies have been international and national, rather than specific changes to farm policy. Most changes have been to the detriment of the communities studied, but peasant households have adapted and survived, at a price. If the worst fears about the consequences of economic liberalisation have not been realised, neither have the hopes. Depressed markets for basic goods and services have limited the growth of the rural economy. Private investment and provision of services have not been stimulated.     

Farm Conflict in France and the Europeanisation of Agricultural Policy

This article investigates farm conflict in France from 1958 to the present in relation to the dynamics of Europeanisation. The framework emphasises how institutions shape farm conflict by mediating market forces, structuring the political opportunities of contending groups and shaping their world views. The analysis investigates the relationship between institutional politics and contentious politics at three junctures of the development of the CAP: its formation (1958-69), consolidation (1970-87), and reform (1988 to present). The findings suggest that European institutions have played a significant role in the production and transformation of farm conflict in France.